During CostaRicto, the threat actors collected data and files from compromised networks.2
campaign
CostaRicto C0004
- First seen
- October 2019
- Last seen
- November 2020
- Created
- 15 September 2022
- Last modified
- 31 July 2026
CostaRicto was a suspected hacker-for-hire cyber espionage campaign that targeted multiple industries worldwide, with a large number being financial institutions. CostaRicto actors targeted organizations in Europe, the Americas, Asia, Australia, and Africa, with a large concentration in South Asia (especially India, Bangladesh, and Singapore), using custom malware, open source tools, and a complex network of proxies and SSH tunnels.[1]
10
Techniques32nd pct
8
Tactics48th pct
6
Tools & malwareTop 12%
0
Threat groupsNone recorded
Enterprise ATT&CK only. Any Mobile or ICS rows on the same ATT&CK page are not carried.
MITRE reference C0004
During CostaRicto, the threat actors employed nmap and pscan to scan target environments.3
During CostaRicto, the threat actors used scheduled tasks to download backdoor tools.4
During CostaRicto, the threat actors used a layer of proxies to manage C2 communications.5
During CostaRicto, the threat actors downloaded malware and tools onto a compromised host.6
During CostaRicto, the threat actors set up remote tunneling using an SSH tool to maintain access to a compromised environment.7
Standing C0004
Reach is how much of ATT&CK this campaign touches. Coverage is how well defended each thing it does is, as a median per technique rather than a total — a total would just restate the reach. Each figure is ranked against all 56 ATT&CK campaigns only where that population actually spreads. Where most of the population shares one value, a percentile would rank the tie instead of the entity, so the raw value is shown and no rank is claimed.
Reach
Techniques1032nd pct
32nd percentile · 68% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have more Enterprise techniques.
Tactics848th pct
48th percentile · 52% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have more tactics spanned.
Tools & malware6Top 12%
88th percentile · 88% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have this many tools and malware or fewer.
Threat groups055% tie · 3 values
55% of the population shares a single value across only 3 distinct values, so a percentile here would rank the tie, not the entity.
Coverage
Rules / technique27.5medTop 18%
82nd percentile · 82% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have this many detection rules per technique or fewer.
Tests / technique3.5med
Detection coverage C0004
377 distinct rules cover the 10 techniques recorded for this campaign. The 383 technique-to-rule mappings resolve to 377 distinct rules, because one rule can cover several techniques. 243 Sigma · 134 Splunk.
9 covered by at least one rule1 with no coverage377 distinct rules in total
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