During APT28 Nearest Neighbor Campaign, APT28 used the following commands to dump SAM, SYSTEM, and SECURITY hives: reg save hklm\sam, reg save hklm\system, and reg save hklm\security.2
campaign
APT28 Nearest Neighbor Campaign C0051
- First seen
- February 2022
- Last seen
- November 2024
- Created
- 25 February 2025
- Last modified
- 31 July 2026
APT28 Nearest Neighbor Campaign was conducted by APT28 from early February 2022 to November 2024 against organizations and individuals with expertise on Ukraine. APT28 primarily leveraged living-off-the-land techniques, while leveraging the zero-day exploitation of CVE-2022-38028. Notably, APT28 leveraged Wi-Fi networks in close proximity to the intended target to gain initial access to the victim environment. By daisy-chaining multiple compromised organizations nearby the intended target, APT28 discovered dual-homed systems (with both a wired and wireless network connection) to enable Wi-Fi and use compromised credentials to connect to the victim network.[1]
18
Techniques54th pct
12
TacticsTop 14%
2
Tools & malware63rd pct
1
Threat groupunranked
Enterprise ATT&CK only. Any Mobile or ICS rows on the same ATT&CK page are not carried.
MITRE reference C0051
During APT28 Nearest Neighbor Campaign, APT28 dumped NTDS.dit through creating volume shadow copies via vssadmin.3
During APT28 Nearest Neighbor Campaign, APT28 accessed volume shadow copies through executing vssadmin in order to dump the NTDS.dit file.4
During APT28 Nearest Neighbor Campaign, APT28 collected information on wireless interfaces within range of a compromised system.5
During APT28 Nearest Neighbor Campaign, APT28 used RDP for lateral movement.6
During APT28 Nearest Neighbor Campaign, APT28 leveraged SMB to transfer files and move laterally.7
Standing C0051
Reach is how much of ATT&CK this campaign touches. Coverage is how well defended each thing it does is, as a median per technique rather than a total — a total would just restate the reach. Each figure is ranked against all 56 ATT&CK campaigns only where that population actually spreads. Where most of the population shares one value, a percentile would rank the tie instead of the entity, so the raw value is shown and no rank is claimed.
Reach
Techniques1854th pct
54th percentile · 54% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have this many Enterprise techniques or fewer.
Tactics12Top 14%
86th percentile · 86% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have this many tactics spanned or fewer.
Tools & malware263rd pct
63rd percentile · 63% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have this many tools and malware or fewer.
Threat group155% tie · 3 values
55% of the population shares a single value across only 3 distinct values, so a percentile here would rank the tie, not the entity.
Coverage
Rules / technique21med63rd pct
63rd percentile · 63% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have this many detection rules per technique or fewer.
Tests / technique3.5
Detection coverage C0051
630 distinct rules cover the 18 techniques recorded for this campaign. The 667 technique-to-rule mappings resolve to 630 distinct rules, because one rule can cover several techniques. 447 Sigma · 183 Splunk.
16 covered by at least one rule2 with no coverage630 distinct rules in total
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