During Indian Critical Infrastructure Intrusions, RedEcho network activity included SSL traffic over TCP 443 and HTTP traffic over non-standard ports.3
campaign
Indian Critical Infrastructure Intrusions C0043
- First seen
- January 2021
- Last seen
- April 2022
- Created
- 21 November 2024
- Last modified
- 31 July 2026
Indian Critical Infrastructure Intrusions is a sequence of intrusions from 2021 through early 2022 linked to People’s Republic of China (PRC) threat actors, particularly RedEcho and Threat Activity Group 38 (TAG38). The intrusions appear focused on IT system breach in Indian electric utility entities and logistics firms, as well as potentially managed service providers operating within India. Although focused on OT-operating entities, there is no evidence this campaign was able to progress beyond IT breach and information gathering to OT environment access.[1][2]
8
TechniquesBottom 21%
3
TacticsBottom 13%
2
Tools & malware63rd pct
0
Threat groupsNone recorded
Enterprise ATT&CK only. Any Mobile or ICS rows on the same ATT&CK page are not carried.
MITRE reference C0043
During Indian Critical Infrastructure Intrusions, RedEcho used dynamic DNS domains associated with malicious infrastructure.4
During Indian Critical Infrastructure Intrusions, RedEcho used non-standard ports such as TCP 8080 for HTTP communication.5
During Indian Critical Infrastructure Intrusions, RedEcho used SSL for network communication.6
During Indian Critical Infrastructure Intrusions, RedEcho registered domains spoofing Indian critical infrastructure entities.7
Indian Critical Infrastructure Intrusions included the use of compromised infrastructure, such as DVR and IP camera devices, for command and control purposes in ShadowPad activity.8
Standing C0043
Reach is how much of ATT&CK this campaign touches. Coverage is how well defended each thing it does is, as a median per technique rather than a total — a total would just restate the reach. Each figure is ranked against all 56 ATT&CK campaigns only where that population actually spreads. Where most of the population shares one value, a percentile would rank the tie instead of the entity, so the raw value is shown and no rank is claimed.
Reach
Techniques8Bottom 21%
21st percentile · 79% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have more Enterprise techniques.
Tactics3Bottom 13%
13th percentile · 87% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have more tactics spanned.
Tools & malware263rd pct
63rd percentile · 63% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have this many tools and malware or fewer.
Threat groups055% tie · 3 values
55% of the population shares a single value across only 3 distinct values, so a percentile here would rank the tie, not the entity.
Coverage
Rules / technique3medBottom 7%
7th percentile · 93% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have more detection rules per technique.
Tests / technique0med
Detection coverage C0043
76 distinct rules cover the 8 techniques recorded for this campaign. The 80 technique-to-rule mappings resolve to 76 distinct rules, because one rule can cover several techniques. 53 Sigma · 23 Splunk.
7 covered by at least one rule1 with no coverage76 distinct rules in total
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