malware

Xbash S0341

Type: malware
Platforms: Windows, Linux
Created: 30 January 2019
Last modified: 25 April 2025

Xbash is a malware family that has targeted Linux and Microsoft Windows servers. The malware has been tied to the Iron Group, a threat actor group known for previous ransomware attacks. Xbash was developed in Python and then converted into a self-contained Linux ELF executable by using PyInstaller.[1]

Techniques70th pct

TacticsTop 20%

Threat groupsNone recorded

CampaignsNone recorded

Enterprise ATT&CK only. Any Mobile or ICS rows on the same ATT&CK page are not carried.

Xbash MITRE reference S0341

System Network Configuration Discovery T1016 ↗

Xbash can collect IP addresses and local intranet information from a victim’s machine.2

Discovery25 detection rules

Network Service Discovery T1046 ↗

Xbash can perform port scanning of TCP and UDP ports.3

Discovery33 detection rules

Cron T1053.003 ↗

Xbash can create a cronjob for persistence if it determines it is on a Linux system.4

Execution · Persistence · Privilege Escalation16 detection rules

PowerShell T1059.001 ↗

Xbash can use scripts to invoke PowerShell to download a malicious PE executable or PE DLL for execution.5

Execution300 detection rules

Visual Basic T1059.005 ↗

Xbash can execute malicious VBScript payloads on the victim’s machine.6

Execution36 detection rules

JavaScript T1059.007 ↗

Xbash can execute malicious JavaScript payloads on the victim’s machine.7

Execution36 detection rules

Standing S0341

Reach is how much of ATT&CK this malware touches. Coverage is how well defended each thing it does is, as a median per technique rather than a total — a total would just restate the reach. Each figure is ranked against all 825 ATT&CK software entries only where that population actually spreads. Where most of the population shares one value, a percentile would rank the tie instead of the entity, so the raw value is shown and no rank is claimed.

Reach

Techniques1670th pct

70th percentile · 70% of 825 ATT&CK software entries have this many Enterprise techniques or fewer.

Tactics8Top 20%

80th percentile · 80% of 825 ATT&CK software entries have this many tactics spanned or fewer.

Threat groups061% tie · 22 values

61% of the population shares a single value across only 22 distinct values, so a percentile here would rank the tie, not the entity.

Campaigns085% tie · 8 values

85% of the population shares a single value across only 8 distinct values, so a percentile here would rank the tie, not the entity.

Coverage

Rules / technique34.5medTop 19%

81st percentile · 81% of 825 ATT&CK software entries have this many detection rules per technique or fewer.

Tests / technique6.5med56th pct

56th percentile · 56% of 825 ATT&CK software entries have this many atomic tests per technique or fewer.

Data comps / technique4med54% tie · 11 values

54% of the population shares a single value across only 11 distinct values, so a percentile here would rank the tie, not the entity.

Mitigations / technique2medTop 9%

91st percentile · 91% of 825 ATT&CK software entries have this many mitigations per technique or fewer.

5 of 8 axes carry an honest rank on this page. Coverage medians are taken across this malware’s 16 Enterprise techniques.

Range

Technique Campaign use over its cumulative rule count.

Campaigns · 0Sigma rules (cumulative) · 568Splunk ESCU (cumulative) · 252

Standing S0341

Select	Description	Category	Status	Event	OS	Product	MITRE ATT&CK	CVEs	Severity	Author	Created	Updated	ID
Splunk	The following analytic detects the execution of network scanning utilities such as Advanced IP Scanner or Advanced Port Scanner. (...)	Anomaly	stable	process_creation	windows	Sysmon · WinEventLog Security · CrowdStrike	Discovery Network Service Discovery Discovery Network Share Discovery	-	medium	Nasreddine Bencherchali, Splunk	2025-10-24	2026-05-13	9a4e50c7-5b62-4d52-93b4-f2b61332e9a5
	Detects the use of Advanced IP Scanner. (...)	Generic	test	file_event	windows	Sysmon	Discovery Network Service Discovery	-	medium	@ROxPinTeddy	2020-05-12	2022-11-29	fed85bf9-e075-4280-9159-fbe8a023d6fa
	Detects javaw.exe in AppData folder as used by Adwind / JRAT	Emerging	test	process_creation	windows	Sysmon · WinEventLog Security	Execution Command and Scripting Interpreter Visual Basic JavaScript	-	high	Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Tom Ueltschi, Jonhnathan Ribeiro, oscd.community	2017-11-10	2022-10-09	1fac1481-2dbc-48b2-9096-753c49b4ec71
	Detects javaw.exe in AppData folder as used by Adwind / JRAT	Generic	test	file_event	windows	Sysmon	Execution Command and Scripting Interpreter Visual Basic JavaScript	-	high	Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Tom Ueltschi, Jonhnathan Ribeiro, oscd.community	2017-11-10	2022-12-02	0bcfabcb-7929-47f4-93d6-b33fb67d34d1
	Detects alternate PowerShell hosts potentially bypassing detections looking for powershell.exe	Generic	test	ps_module	windows	PowerShell	Execution Command and Scripting Interpreter PowerShell	-	medium	Roberto Rodriguez @Cyb3rWard0g	2019-08-11	2025-10-17	64e8e417-c19a-475a-8d19-98ea705394cc
	Detects alternate PowerShell hosts potentially bypassing detections looking for powershell.exe	Generic	test	pipe_created	windows	Sysmon	Execution Command and Scripting Interpreter PowerShell	-	medium	Roberto Rodriguez @Cyb3rWard0g, Tim Shelton	2019-09-12	2025-10-07	58cb02d5-78ce-4692-b3e1-dce850aae41a
	Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports APT malware. (...)	Generic	experimental	antivirus	-	-	Execution Exploitation for Client Execution Command and Control Remote Access Tools Remote Desktop Software	-	critical	Arnim Rupp (Nextron Systems)	2026-06-15	—	101a1877-2cf4-474d-abfd-7f6ac4788d1a
	Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports an exploitation framework. (...)	Generic	stable	antivirus	-	-	Execution Exploitation for Client Execution Command and Control Remote Access Tools Remote Desktop Software	-	critical	Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Arnim Rupp	2018-09-09	2026-06-15	238527ad-3c2c-4e4f-a1f6-92fd63adb864
	Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports ransomware. (...)	Generic	test	antivirus	-	-	Impact Data Encrypted for Impact	-	critical	Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Arnim Rupp	2022-05-12	2026-06-15	4c6ca276-d4d0-4a8c-9e4c-d69832f8671f
	Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports a remote access tool. (...)	Generic	experimental	antivirus	-	-	Execution Exploitation for Client Execution Command and Control Remote Access Tools Remote Desktop Software	-	critical	Arnim Rupp (Nextron Systems)	2026-06-15	—	97233998-3838-4581-88c6-f1d19d3993fb
	Detects when AppLocker "Audit only" enforcement mode reports that an Application, DLL, Script, MSI, or Packaged-App would have been blocked if AppLocker "Enforce rules" enforcement mode was enabled.	Generic	experimental	-	windows	AppLocker	Execution Command and Scripting Interpreter PowerShell Windows Command Shell Visual Basic Python Execution User Execution Malicious File	-	medium	heyyanu	2026-03-26	—	557e3bd3-7f21-495d-8d50-7c8bdfb8041c
	Detects when AppLocker prevents the execution of an Application, DLL, Script, MSI, or Packaged-App from running.	Generic	test	-	windows	AppLocker	Execution Command and Scripting Interpreter PowerShell Windows Command Shell Visual Basic Python Execution User Execution Malicious File	-	medium	Pushkarev Dmitry	2020-06-28	2025-12-03	401e5d00-b944-11ea-8f9a-00163ecd60ae
	Detects DNS queries made by "AppInstaller.EXE". (...)	Generic	test	dns	windows	Sysmon	Command and Control Ingress Tool Transfer	-	medium	frack113	2021-11-24	2023-11-09	7cff77e1-9663-46a3-8260-17f2e1aa9d0a
	Detects suspicious user agent strings used in APT malware in proxy logs	Generic	test	proxy	-	-	Command and Control Application Layer Protocol Web Protocols	-	high	Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Markus Neis	2019-11-12	2024-02-15	6ec820f2-e963-4801-9127-d8b2dce4d31b
	Detects suspicious user agent string of APT40 Dropbox tool	Emerging	test	proxy	-	-	Command and Control Application Layer Protocol Web Protocols Exfiltration Exfiltration Over Web Service Exfiltration to Cloud Storage	-	high	Thomas Patzke	2019-11-12	2023-05-18	5ba715b6-71b7-44fd-8245-f66893e81b3d
	Detects execution of GfxDownloadWrapper.exe with a URL as an argument to download file.	Generic	test	process_creation	windows	Sysmon · WinEventLog Security	Command and Control Ingress Tool Transfer	-	medium	Victor Sergeev, oscd.community	2020-10-09	2023-10-18	eee00933-a761-4cd0-be70-c42fe91731e7
Splunk	The following analytic identifiesGetPasswordData API calls in your AWS account. (...)	Anomaly	stable	cloud_audit	-	AWS CloudTrail · AWS	Credential Access Brute Force Password Guessing Resource Development Compromise Accounts Cloud Accounts	-	medium	Patrick Bareiss, Splunk	2022-08-10	2026-05-13	a79b607a-50cc-4704-bb9d-eff280cb78c2
Splunk	The following analytic detects the creation of AWS KMS keys with an encryption policy accessible to everyone, including external entities. (...)	Generic	stable	cloud_audit	-	AWS CloudTrail · AWS	Impact Data Encrypted for Impact	-	medium	Patrick Bareiss, Splunk	2020-10-27	2026-05-13	16ae9076-d1d5-411c-8fdd-457504b33dac
	Detects events generated by user-mode applications when they call the CveEventWrite API when a known vulnerability is trying to be exploited. (...)	Generic	test	-	windows	WinEventLog Application	Impact Endpoint Denial of Service Application or System Exploitation Execution Exploitation for Client Execution Credential Access Exploitation for Credential Access Privilege Escalation Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Stealth Exploitation for Stealth Lateral Movement Exploitation of Remote Services	CVE-2020-0601	critical	Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Zach Mathis	2020-01-15	2022-10-22	48d91a3a-2363-43ba-a456-ca71ac3da5c2
Splunk	The following analytic identifies attempts to delete AWS Bedrock Knowledge Bases, which are resources that store and manage domain-specific information for AI models. (...)	Generic	stable	cloud_audit	-	AWS CloudTrail · AWS	Impact Data Destruction	-	medium	Bhavin Patel, Splunk	2025-03-25	2026-05-13	8b4e3d62-f743-11ee-9f6e-acde48001123
Splunk	The following analytic identifies unsuccessful login attempts to the AWS Management Console using a specific user identity. (...)	Generic	stable	authentication	-	AWS CloudTrail · AWS	Credential Access Brute Force Password Guessing Resource Development Compromise Accounts Cloud Accounts	-	medium	Gowthamaraj Rajendran, Bhavin Patel, Splunk	2022-08-07	2026-05-13	a19b354d-0d7f-47f3-8ea6-1a7c36434968
Splunk	The following analytic identifies more than 10 GetPasswordData API calls within a 5-minute window in your AWS account. (...)	Anomaly	stable	authentication	-	AWS CloudTrail · AWS	Credential Access Brute Force Password Guessing Resource Development Compromise Accounts Cloud Accounts	-	medium	Bhavin Patel, Splunk	2022-08-10	2026-05-13	4d347c4a-306e-41db-8d10-b46baf71b3e2
Splunk	The following analytic detects the creation of AWS KMS keys with an encryption policy accessible to everyone, including external entities. (...)	Generic	stable	cloud_audit	-	AWS CloudTrail · AWS	Impact Data Encrypted for Impact	-	medium	Rod Soto, Patrick Bareiss Splunk	2020-10-27	2026-05-13	c79c164f-4b21-4847-98f9-cf6a9f49179e
Splunk	The following analytic identifies users with KMS keys performing encryption operations on S3 buckets. (...)	Anomaly	stable	cloud_audit	-	AWS CloudTrail · AWS	Impact Data Encrypted for Impact	-	medium	Rod Soto, Patrick Bareiss Splunk	2020-10-27	2026-05-13	884a5f59-eec7-4f4a-948b-dbde18225fdc
	Identifies disabling of default Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) encryption in the current region. (...)	Generic	stable	cloud_audit	-	AWS CloudTrail · AWS	Impact Data Encrypted for Impact Impact Data Manipulation	-	medium	Sittikorn S	2021-06-29	2021-08-20	16124c2d-e40b-4fcc-8f2c-5ab7870a2223
	Detects changes to the EC2 instance startup script. (...)	Generic	test	cloud_audit	-	AWS CloudTrail · AWS	Execution Command and Scripting Interpreter PowerShell Windows Command Shell Unix Shell	-	high	faloker	2020-02-12	2022-06-07	1ab3c5ed-5baf-417b-bb6b-78ca33f6c3df
	Detects when a EFS Fileshare Mount is modified or deleted. (...)	Generic	test	cloud_audit	-	AWS CloudTrail · AWS	Impact Data Destruction	-	medium	Austin Songer @austinsonger	2021-08-15	2022-10-09	6a7ba45c-63d8-473e-9736-2eaabff79964
	Identifies when an EKS cluster is created or deleted.	Generic	test	cloud_audit	-	AWS CloudTrail · AWS	Impact Data Destruction	-	low	Austin Songer	2021-08-16	2022-10-09	33d50d03-20ec-4b74-a74e-1e65a38af1c0
	Detects the import or deletion of key material in AWS KMS, which can be used as part of ransomware attacks. (...)	Generic	experimental	cloud_audit	-	AWS CloudTrail · AWS	Impact Data Encrypted for Impact Resource Development Stage Capabilities Install Digital Certificate	-	high	toopricey	2025-10-18	—	1279262f-1464-422f-ac0d-5b545320c526
	Detects file creation events linked to the Axios NPM supply chain compromise. (...)	Emerging	experimental	file_event	linux	Sysmon	Command and Control Ingress Tool Transfer Initial Access Supply Chain Compromise Compromise Software Supply Chain	-	high	Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)	2026-04-01	—	b7cb840c-11f6-47f7-b3ef-5524739c9077
	Detects file creation events linked to the Axios NPM supply chain compromise on macOS devices. (...)	Emerging	experimental	file_event	macos	-	Command and Control Ingress Tool Transfer Initial Access Supply Chain Compromise Compromise Software Supply Chain	-	high	Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)	2026-04-01	—	2db0458c-05c9-4069-a26f-77becd9c8c13
	Detects the Linux-specific execution chain of the plain-crypto-js malicious npm dependency by Axios NPM package, including payload download via curl and detached execution using nohup and python3. (...)	Emerging	experimental	process_creation	linux	Sysmon	Execution Command and Scripting Interpreter Unix Shell Python Command and Control Ingress Tool Transfer Initial Access Supply Chain Compromise Compromise Software Supply Chain	-	high	Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)	2026-04-01	—	0a23a62d-c5b3-468b-a072-25064a9a8c87
	Detects the macOS-specific execution chain of the plain-crypto-js malicious npm dependency in Axios NPM Package, including AppleScript execution via osascript, payload download, permission modification, execution, and cleanup.	Emerging	experimental	process_creation	macos	-	Execution Command and Scripting Interpreter AppleScript Unix Shell Command and Control Ingress Tool Transfer Initial Access Supply Chain Compromise Compromise Software Supply Chain	-	high	Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)	2026-04-01	—	a09ee860-31b3-4586-8a68-0ebd74ce0e5f
	Detects the specific Windows execution chain and process tree associated with the Axios NPM supply chain compromise. (...)	Emerging	experimental	process_creation	windows	Sysmon · WinEventLog Security	Execution Command and Scripting Interpreter Windows Command Shell Visual Basic Command and Control Ingress Tool Transfer Initial Access Supply Chain Compromise Compromise Software Supply Chain	-	high	Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)	2026-04-01	—	f6c27ecc-d890-4452-80e6-2e274a10e097
	Detects DNS queries for the malicious C2 domain associated with the plain-crypto-js/Axios npm package supply chain compromise. (...)	Emerging	experimental	dns	-	-	Command and Control Application Layer Protocol Web Protocols Command and Control Dynamic Resolution	-	high	Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)	2026-04-01	—	73e5d24f-493f-4092-bd2f-c72cabda40ee
Splunk	The following analytic identifies an Azure AD account experiencing more than 20 failed authentication attempts within a 10-minute window. (...)	Generic	stable	authentication	-	Microsoft 365	Credential Access Brute Force Password Guessing	-	medium	Mauricio Velazco, Splunk	2023-01-23	2026-05-13	630b1694-210a-48ee-a450-6f79e7679f2c
Splunk	The following analytic detects an IP address with 20 or more failed authentication attempts to an Azure AD tenant within 10 minutes. (...)	Generic	stable	authentication	-	Microsoft 365	Credential Access Brute Force Password Guessing Password Spraying	-	medium	Mauricio Velazco, Bhavin Patel, Splunk	2023-01-23	2026-05-13	e5ab41bf-745d-4f72-a393-2611151afd8e
Splunk	The following analytic detects an Azure AD account successfully authenticating from multiple unique IP addresses within a 30-minute window. (...)	Generic	stable	authentication	-	Microsoft 365	Credential Access Brute Force Password Guessing Password Spraying	-	medium	Mauricio Velazco, Splunk	2023-01-24	2026-05-13	be6d868d-33b6-4aaa-912e-724fb555b11a
	Detects when a Container Registry is created or deleted.	Generic	test	cloud_audit	-	Azure Activity Logs · Azure	Impact Data Destruction Impact Resource Hijacking Impact Service Stop	-	low	Austin Songer @austinsonger	2021-08-07	2022-08-23	93e0ef48-37c8-49ed-a02c-038aab23628e
	Identifies when a device or device configuration in azure is modified or deleted.	Generic	test	cloud_audit	-	Azure Activity Logs · Azure	Impact Data Destruction Impact Data Manipulation Stored Data Manipulation	-	medium	Austin Songer @austinsonger	2021-09-03	2022-10-09	46530378-f9db-4af9-a9e5-889c177d3881
	Detects when a Azure Kubernetes Cluster is created or deleted.	Generic	test	cloud_audit	-	Azure Activity Logs · Azure	Impact Data Destruction Impact Resource Hijacking Impact Service Stop	-	low	Austin Songer @austinsonger	2021-08-07	2022-08-23	9541f321-7cba-4b43-80fc-fbd1fb922808
	Identifies when a Azure Kubernetes CronJob runs in Azure Cloud. (...)	Generic	test	cloud_audit	-	Azure Activity Logs · Azure	Execution, Persistence, Privilege Escalation Scheduled Task/Job Cron	-	medium	Austin Songer @austinsonger	2021-11-22	2022-12-18	1c71e254-6655-42c1-b2d6-5e4718d7fc0a
	Identifies when a Azure Kubernetes network policy is modified or deleted.	Generic	test	cloud_audit	-	Azure Activity Logs · Azure	Impact Data Destruction Impact Resource Hijacking Impact Service Stop	-	medium	Austin Songer @austinsonger	2021-08-07	2022-08-23	08d6ac24-c927-4469-b3b7-2e422d6e3c43
	Detects the creation or patching of potential malicious RoleBinding/ClusterRoleBinding.	Generic	test	cloud_audit	-	Azure Activity Logs · Azure	Impact Data Destruction Impact Resource Hijacking Impact Service Stop	-	medium	Austin Songer @austinsonger	2021-08-07	2022-08-23	25cb259b-bbdc-4b87-98b7-90d7c72f8743
	Identifies when a Kubernetes account access a sensitive objects such as configmaps or secrets.	Generic	test	cloud_audit	-	Azure Activity Logs · Azure	Impact Data Destruction Impact Resource Hijacking Impact Service Stop	-	medium	Austin Songer @austinsonger	2021-08-07	2022-08-23	7ee0b4aa-d8d4-4088-b661-20efdf41a04c
	Identifies when ClusterRoles/Roles are being modified or deleted.	Generic	test	cloud_audit	-	Azure Activity Logs · Azure	Impact Data Destruction Impact Resource Hijacking Impact Service Stop	-	medium	Austin Songer @austinsonger	2021-08-07	2022-08-23	818fee0c-e0ec-4e45-824e-83e4817b0887
	Identifies when a service account is modified or deleted.	Generic	test	cloud_audit	-	Azure Activity Logs · Azure	Impact Account Access Removal Impact Data Destruction Impact Resource Hijacking Impact Service Stop	-	medium	Austin Songer @austinsonger	2021-08-07	2022-08-23	12d027c3-b48c-4d9d-8bb6-a732200034b2
	focuses on trivial artifacts observed in variants of prevalent offensive ps1 payloads, including Cob (...)	Generic	test	ps_module	windows	PowerShell	Execution Command and Scripting Interpreter PowerShell	-	critical	ok @securonix invrep_de, oscd.community	2020-10-09	2022-12-25	8d31a8ce-46b5-4dd6-bdc3-680931f1db86
	Detects usage of the "FromBase64String" function in the commandline which is used to decode a base64 (...)	Generic	test	process_creation	windows	Sysmon · WinEventLog Security	Execution Command and Scripting Interpreter PowerShell Stealth Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information Stealth Obfuscated Files or Information	-	high	Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)	2020-01-29	2023-01-26	e32d4572-9826-4738-b651-95fa63747e8a
Splunk	The following analytic detects the use of `bitsadmin.exe` with the `transfer` parameter to download a remote object. (...)	Generic	stable	process_creation	windows	Sysmon · WinEventLog Security · CrowdStrike	Execution, Persistence, Stealth BITS Jobs Command and Control Ingress Tool Transfer	-	medium	Michael Haag, Sittikorn S	2021-03-30	2026-10-02	80630ff4-8e4c-11eb-aab5-acde48001122

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Description