During Operation Ghost, APT29 used steganography to hide the communications between the implants and their C&C servers.15
group
APT29 G0016
- Created
- 31 May 2017
- Last modified
- 31 July 2026
- Aliases
- APT29 · IRON RITUAL · IRON HEMLOCK · NobleBaron · Dark Halo · NOBELIUM · UNC2452 · YTTRIUM · The Dukes · Cozy Bear · CozyDuke · SolarStorm · Blue Kitsune · UNC3524 · Midnight Blizzard
APT29 is threat group that has been attributed to Russia's Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR).[1][2] They have operated since at least 2008, often targeting government networks in Europe and NATO member countries, research institutes, and think tanks. APT29 reportedly compromised the Democratic National Committee starting in the summer of 2015.[3][4][5][6]
In April 2021, the US and UK governments attributed the SolarWinds Compromise to the SVR; public statements included citations to APT29, Cozy Bear, and The Dukes.[7][8] Industry reporting also referred to the actors involved in this campaign as UNC2452, NOBELIUM, StellarParticle, Dark Halo, and SolarStorm.[9][10][11][12][13][14]
66
TechniquesTop 8%
13
TacticsTop 15%
49
Tools & malwareTop 1%
2
Campaignsunranked
Enterprise ATT&CK only. Any Mobile or ICS rows on the same ATT&CK page are not carried.
MITRE reference G0016
APT29 has used the reg save command to save registry hives.16
APT29 has used the reg save command to extract LSA secrets offline.17
During the SolarWinds Compromise, APT29 used privileged accounts to replicate directory service data with domain controllers.181920
APT29 has stolen data from compromised hosts.21
During the SolarWinds Compromise, APT29 extracted files from compromised networks.22
APT29 has ensured web servers in a victim environment are Internet accessible before copying tools or malware to it.23
During the SolarWinds Compromise, APT29 used GoldFinder to perform HTTP GET requests to check internet connectivity and identify HTTP proxy servers and other redirectors that an HTTP request travels through.24
Standing G0016
Reach is how much of ATT&CK this group touches. Coverage is how well defended each thing it does is, as a median per technique rather than a total — a total would just restate the reach. Each figure is ranked against all 176 ATT&CK groups only where that population actually spreads. Where most of the population shares one value, a percentile would rank the tie instead of the entity, so the raw value is shown and no rank is claimed.
Reach
Techniques66Top 8%
92nd percentile · 92% of 176 ATT&CK groups have this many Enterprise techniques or fewer.
Tactics13Top 15%
85th percentile · 85% of 176 ATT&CK groups have this many tactics spanned or fewer.
Tools & malware49Top 1%
100th percentile · None of the 176 ATT&CK groups has more tools and malware — the highest in the population.
Campaigns289% tie · 4 values
89% of the population shares a single value across only 4 distinct values, so a percentile here would rank the tie, not the entity.
Coverage
Rules / technique12.5med28th pct
28th percentile · 72% of 176 ATT&CK groups have more detection rules per technique.
Tests / technique1med
Detection coverage G0016
1781 distinct rules cover the 66 techniques recorded for this group. The 2056 technique-to-rule mappings resolve to 1781 distinct rules, because one rule can cover several techniques. 1099 Sigma · 682 Splunk.
60 covered by at least one rule6 with no coverage1781 distinct rules in total
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