APT41 DUSTC0040 ↗
Used infrastructure hosted behind Cloudflare or utilized Cloudflare Workers for command and control.1
- Tactic
- Resource Development
- Platform
- PRE
- Version
- 1.1
- Created
- 08 July 2022
- Last modified
- 15 April 2025
- Contributor
- Awake Security
Adversaries may purchase and configure serverless cloud infrastructure, such as Cloudflare Workers, AWS Lambda functions, or Google Apps Scripts, that can be used during targeting. By utilizing serverless infrastructure, adversaries can make it more difficult to attribute infrastructure used during operations back to them.
ReconResource DevInitial AccessExecutionPersistencePriv EscStealthDef ImpairmentCred AccessDiscoveryLateral MoveCollectionC2ExfiltrationImpact
0
Threat groupsNone recorded
Threat groupsNone recorded · 29% of ATT&CK techniques have none either.1
Campaigns72nd pct
Campaigns72nd percentile · 72% of ATT&CK techniques have this many campaigns recorded or fewer.0
Tools & malwareNone recorded
Tools & malwareNone recorded · 29% of ATT&CK techniques have none either.0
Detection rulesNone recorded
Detection rulesNone recorded · 33% of ATT&CK techniques have none either.Serverless MITRE reference T1583.007
72nd pctamong all ATT&CK techniques for number of campaigns
1 campaign has been recorded using this technique. Listed newest first; dates are year-granularity and attribution is MITRE’s.
All 1 campaigns for this technique
Offense vs defense T1583.007
Is defensive coverage keeping up with adversary use? Eight counts, each ranked against all 697 ATT&CK techniques. Attack sits left, defense right, so a shape leaning left means adversaries are better documented here than defenders are equipped. Hover any spoke for its percentile and the share of techniques that have more. The timeline below shows when each side arrived.
Serverless detection strategy DET0829
MITRE names one behaviour worth catching for this technique and breaks it into 1 analytic, one per platform. Each carries the log sources it needs and the fields you tune per environment.
Detection of Serverless
1 platform
AN1961 · PRE
Once adversaries leverage serverless functions as infrastructure (ex: for command and control), it may be possible to look for unique characteristics associated with adversary software, if known. Much of this activity will take place outside the visibility of the target organization, making detection of this behavior difficult. Detection efforts may be focused on related stages of the adversary lifecycle.
Log sources
The data this analytic draws on. You do not need every component — each one you already collect covers part of it. Each links to its ATT&CK record.
| Data component | Name | Channel |
|---|---|---|
| Response ContentDC0104 | Internet Scan | None |
Pre-compromiseM1056
This technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on behaviors performed outside of the scope of enterprise defenses and controls.