Quad7 Activity has infected victim network devices by storing artifacts in the /tmp directory which is volatile in memory and will clear its contents upon shutdown or restart.6
campaign
Quad7 Activity C0055
- First seen
- August 2023
- Last seen
- August 2025
- Created
- 4 June 2025
- Last modified
- 31 July 2026
Quad7 Activity, also known as CovertNetwork-1658 or the 7777 Botnet, is a network of compromised small office/home office (SOHO) routers. [1] [2] The botnet was initially composed primarily of TP-Link routers and was named Quad7 due to compromised devices exposing TCP port 7777 with the distinctive banner xlogin. Later activity showed a significant increase in compromised Asus routers and the addition of new ports and banners, including TCP port 63256 displaying alogin. Quad7 infrastructure functions as a collection of egress IPs that various China-affiliated threat actors have used to conduct password-spraying and brute-force operations. [1][3] Microsoft has reported that Storm-0940 leveraged credentials obtained through Quad7 Activity to target organizations in North America and Europe, including government agencies, non-governmental organizations, think tanks, law firms, energy firms, IT providers, and defense industrial base entities. [2]
15
Techniques41st pct
8
Tactics48th pct
1
Tool or malware45th pct
0
Threat groupsNone recorded
Enterprise ATT&CK only. Any Mobile or ICS rows on the same ATT&CK page are not carried.
MITRE reference C0055
Quad7 Activity has enabled the creation of an access-controlled command shell /bin/sh on compromised routers.78
Quad7 Activity has used the same User Agents of Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko and Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.149 Safari/537.36 combined with a reference to the Microsoft Azure PowerShell Application ID 1950a258-227b-4e31-a9cf-717495945fc2 in their sign-in attempts.9
Quad7 Activity has used a File Transfer Protocol (FTP) server to download malicious binaries.10
Quad7 Activity has initialized SOCKS5 proxies on compromised devices.1112
Quad7 Activity has routed traffic through chains of compromised network devices for password spray attacks.13
Standing C0055
Reach is how much of ATT&CK this campaign touches. Coverage is how well defended each thing it does is, as a median per technique rather than a total — a total would just restate the reach. Each figure is ranked against all 56 ATT&CK campaigns only where that population actually spreads. Where most of the population shares one value, a percentile would rank the tie instead of the entity, so the raw value is shown and no rank is claimed.
Reach
Techniques1541st pct
41st percentile · 59% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have more Enterprise techniques.
Tactics848th pct
48th percentile · 52% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have more tactics spanned.
Tool or malware145th pct
45th percentile · 55% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have more tools and malware.
Threat groups055% tie · 3 values
55% of the population shares a single value across only 3 distinct values, so a percentile here would rank the tie, not the entity.
Coverage
Rules / technique6medBottom 14%
14th percentile · 86% of 56 ATT&CK campaigns have more detection rules per technique.
Tests / technique0med
Detection coverage C0055
823 distinct rules cover the 15 techniques recorded for this campaign. The 841 technique-to-rule mappings resolve to 823 distinct rules, because one rule can cover several techniques. 483 Sigma · 340 Splunk.
12 covered by at least one rule3 with no coverage823 distinct rules in total
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